purified casein-based diet  (Envigo)

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Dietary influences on the Dahl SS rat gut microbiota and its effects on salt-sensitive hypertension and renal damage

doi: 10.1111/apha.13662

Figure Lengend Snippet: SS/CRL rats fed the 5L79 diet demonstrate attenuated HS-induced renal damage and immune cell infiltration compared to SS/MCW rats fed the 0.4% NaCl AIN-76A diet. A, Visual schematic of experimental protocol. B, Body weight measured at 5, 8 and 12 wk of age, with left kidney weight and creatinine clearance measured at the end of the experiment. Urinary sodium excretion, proteinuria and albuminuria (C), renal infiltrating immune cells (D), histopathology of medullary protein cast formation and glomerular damage (E), and urinary renal epithelial injury marker KIM-1 (F) between SS/MCW and SS/CRL before (Week 8) or after (Week 12) three weeks of HS challenge. CD45+: leukocytes, CD11b/c+: monocyte/macrophages, CD3+: T-cells, CD4+: helper T-cells, CD8+: cytotoxic T-cells, CD45R+: B-cells. n = 12-14. †P < .05, ††P < .01, †††P < .001 vs SS/MCW HS with Student's t test, Two Way ANOVA or Two Way RM ANOVA

Article Snippet: Inbred SS/JrHsdMcwi rats (denoted SS/MCW) have been maintained as a closed colony at the Medical College of Wisconsin since 1991 and fed a 0.4% NaCl purified casein-based AIN-76A diet (#113755, Dyets Inc).

Techniques: Histopathology, Marker

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Dietary influences on the Dahl SS rat gut microbiota and its effects on salt-sensitive hypertension and renal damage

doi: 10.1111/apha.13662

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of salt on renal damage phenotype and gut microbiota of SS/MCW and SS/CRL rats. A, Experimental protocol of SS/CRL and SS/MCW rats maintained on either low salt 5L79 or AIN-76A diet, respectively, or challenged with 4.0% NaCl HS AIN-76A diet. B, Urinary albumin excretion, creatinine clearance, CD3+ renal T lymphocytes and medullary protein casts formation in SS/CRL and SS/MCW rats, respectively, maintained on either low salt 5L79 or AIN-76A, or on HS for 3 wk (Week 12). n = 12. †P < .05, †††P < .001 vs SS/MCW, ^P < .05, ^^^P < .001 vs LS, with Two Way ANOVA. C, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix showing SS/MCW and SS/CRL rats have significantly distinct gut microbiotas driven by salt treatment. (CRL LS/LS vs CRL LS/HS (P = .001), CRL LS/LS vs MCW LS/LS (P = .005), CRL LS/LS vs MCW LS/HS (P = .001), CRL LS/HS vs MCW LS/LS (P = .001), CRL LS/HS vs MCW LS/HS (P = .001) and MCW LS/LS vs MCW LS/HS (P = .004), PERMANOVA analysis at P < .05). D, Relative abundance of identified ASVs at Week 12 in SS/MCW and SS/CRL rats respectively maintained on either 0.4% NaCl AIN-76A or 5L79 (LS/LS) or challenged with 4.0% NaCl AIN-76A (LS/HS). E, Positive linear discriminate analysis (LDA) scores indicate ASVs that significantly changed and characterize each of the treatment groups at Week 12. Purple (CRL LS/LS), black (CRL LS/HS), brown (MCW LS/LS), teal (MCW LS/HS). Significance obtained by LDA effect size at P < .05 (Kruskal-Wallis test) and Z-scores > 2.0

Article Snippet: Inbred SS/JrHsdMcwi rats (denoted SS/MCW) have been maintained as a closed colony at the Medical College of Wisconsin since 1991 and fed a 0.4% NaCl purified casein-based AIN-76A diet (#113755, Dyets Inc).

Techniques:

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Dietary influences on the Dahl SS rat gut microbiota and its effects on salt-sensitive hypertension and renal damage

doi: 10.1111/apha.13662

Figure Lengend Snippet: FMT from SS/MCW donor rats into SS/CRL recipients fed AIN-76A induced significant shifts in gut microbial composition that correlate with blood pressure. A, PCoA plot of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix demonstrating that FMT from SS/MCW donors significantly shifted the gut microbial community of SS/CRL recipients (PERMANOVA (all) P = .001; Pairwise PERMANOVA: Donor vs FMT P = .006, Donor vs Vehicle P = .004, Vehicle vs FMT P = .029). B, Global differences in relative abundance of identified ASVs in FMT and vehicle-treated rats at Weeks at Weeks 5, 15 and 21. C, Positive linear discriminate analysis (LDA) scores indicate ASVs that significantly changed in FMT rats (pink) and negative LDA scores indicate ASVs that significantly changed in vehicle (black). D, Identification of discriminant ASVs that underwent significant relative abundance changes from Week 5 to 21. Significance obtained in (C) and (D) by LDA effect size at P < .05 (Kruskal-Wallis test) and Z-scores > 2.0. (E) Significant ASVs found in 5D between FMT and vehicle rats that shift with MAP. n = 5-6

Article Snippet: Inbred SS/JrHsdMcwi rats (denoted SS/MCW) have been maintained as a closed colony at the Medical College of Wisconsin since 1991 and fed a 0.4% NaCl purified casein-based AIN-76A diet (#113755, Dyets Inc).

Techniques:

Journal: Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)

Article Title: Dietary influences on the Dahl SS rat gut microbiota and its effects on salt-sensitive hypertension and renal damage

doi: 10.1111/apha.13662

Figure Lengend Snippet: No effect of SS/CRL faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) into SS/MCW recipient rats fed AIN-76A. A, Timeline of SS/CRL FMT into SS/MCW rats. Daily FMT of SS/CRL donor stool into SS/MCW recipient rats for 6 wk resulted in no significant change in (B) albuminuria, (C) renal immune cell infiltration or (D) renal medullary protein cast formation (Two Way ANOVA or Two Way RM ANOVA). E, Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix showing that FMT from SS/CRL donors was unable to significantly shift the gut microbial community of SS/MCW recipients (Pairwise PERMANOVA: FMT vs Vehicle at Week 12, P = .096). F, Relative abundance of identified ASVs at Weeks 5, 8, and 12 demonstrate similar community composition in Vehicle and FMT rats. CD45+: leukocytes, CD3+: T-cells, CD11b/c+: monocyte/macrophages, CD45R+: B-cells. n = 4-5

Article Snippet: Inbred SS/JrHsdMcwi rats (denoted SS/MCW) have been maintained as a closed colony at the Medical College of Wisconsin since 1991 and fed a 0.4% NaCl purified casein-based AIN-76A diet (#113755, Dyets Inc).

Techniques: